On September 10, 2025 , NASA announced a discovery that could change everything we know about Mars—or even life beyond Earth. A rock sample named Sapphire Canyon , collected by the Perseverance rover in the Jezero Crater of Mars, has revealed chemical patterns and possible organic molecules —strong indicators that microbial life may once have existed on the Red Planet.( The Times of India ) A Glimpse into Mars’ Watery Past Jezero Crater, once a vast Martian lakebed filled by ancient rivers, has long tantalized scientists as a treasure trove of potential biosignatures. The Sapphire Canyon sample stands out, not just for its geological importance but for the possibility it holds: that Mars wasn't always the barren world we see today—it might have been a cradle for life. The discovery reshapes our understanding of Mars’ past. Evidence of ancient organics deepens the planet’s narrative from dry desert to once-wet world—a place that may have supported life. Why This Matters: Th...

  In August 2019 , amateur astronomer Gennadiy Borisov in Crimea made history by discovering 2I/Borisov —the first confirmed interstellar comet to visit our Solar System. Unlike ʻOumuamua, whose mysterious nature left scientists puzzled, Borisov behaved much more like a traditional comet , but with one extraordinary twist: it came from another star system . ☄️ Key Facts About 2I/Borisov Type: A comet (with a visible coma and tail). Size: Estimated nucleus diameter of ~0.5–1 km . Speed: Entered the Solar System at ~175,000 km/h , on a hyperbolic trajectory, ensuring it won’t return. Appearance: Exhibited a classic cometary coma (cloud of gas and dust) and a long tail. Closest Approach: Passed near the Sun in December 2019 , at a distance of ~2 AU (twice Earth’s distance from the Sun). 🔬 Why Borisov Excited Scientists First True Interstellar Comet – Unlike ʻOumuamua, which lacked comet-like activity, Borisov had a clear gas and dust tail , confirming it wa...

  In October 2017 , astronomers at the Pan-STARRS1 telescope in Hawaii spotted something unlike anything seen before. The object, later named ʻOumuamua (Hawaiian for “scout” or “messenger from afar” ), was confirmed to be the first known interstellar object (ISO) to pass through our Solar System. 🌌 What Made ʻOumuamua Unique? Origin: Entered from outside our Solar System, on a hyperbolic trajectory (never to return). Shape: Extremely elongated, possibly 400–800 meters long but only about 40 meters wide. Its “cigar” or “pancake” shape baffled scientists. Speed: Moved at 315,000 km/h —too fast to be bound by the Sun’s gravity. No Coma: Unlike typical comets, it showed no visible gas or dust tail , though it experienced unexplained acceleration as if pushed by something. 🔍 Theories About ʻOumuamua Because ʻOumuamua behaved so strangely, scientists proposed different ideas: Natural Object: A fragment of a planetesimal or comet ejected from another star syste...

In the vast expanse of our solar system, visitors from beyond are extraordinarily rare. On July 2, 2025 , astronomers confirmed the discovery of Comet 3I/ATLAS , marking only the third time in recorded history that an interstellar object (ISO) has been identified passing through our Solar System. This cosmic wanderer has captured the attention of scientists and stargazers alike, offering a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to study material from another star system. Travelling at 58 km/s and exhibiting distinct cometary activity, 3I/ATLAS is already providing insights into the composition and evolution of distant stellar systems. 🔭 The Discovery: A Triumph for Astronomy The NASA-funded ATLAS survey telescope in Chile first reported that the comet originated from interstellar space on July 1, 2025. Named 3I/ATLAS —where “3I” denotes “third interstellar”—the object was initially spotted by the Deep Random Survey remote telescope . Amateur and professional astronomers worldwide qui...